Buying a seat ticket on Express trains in Japan can feel confusing, challenging, and even intimidating. The train fare system in Japan has multiple categories, but I'll focus on the three main ones you need to know: the base fare, the limited express fare, and the platform ticket.
1. Base Fare Ticket (乗車券 - Jousha Ken)
The base fare ticket is your standard ticket for travel from Point A to Point B. Once you check in at Point A, you can transit through multiple stations as long as they’re on the same train company's network. You only check out at your final destination, Point B. However, if your journey involves different train companies, you’ll need to buy separate tickets for each segment at your departure station.
If you’re unsure which ticket to buy because the station names might be in Japanese, you can purchase the lowest fare ticket and then do a fare adjustment at your destination. Just use the fare adjustment machine or speak to a staff member to pay the difference.
To save time and avoid confusion, consider getting a prepaid IC card like Suica. It requires a 500 yen deposit but eliminates the hassle of figuring out ticket fares. With Suica, you simply tap in and out at stations, and the fare is automatically calculated and deducted from your card. You can recharge your card at ticket machines in stations. If your balance is insufficient, the station staff can help you adjust the fare.
Suica also works at convenience stores, so you won’t end up with a wallet full of coins. And since the card has no expiry date, you can keep it for your next trip or pass it to a friend.
2. Limited Express Fare Ticket (特急券 - Tokkyu Ken)
Limited Express trains are optional, but they’re much faster than regular trains. If you don’t mind spending a little extra for a quicker, more comfortable ride, you’ll need to buy a Limited Express fare ticket, which is essentially a "seat ticket."
For Limited Express trains, you need two tickets: the base fare ticket and the seat ticket. If you’re using an IC card, it covers the base fare, but you’ll still need to buy the seat ticket from a vending machine.
The process of buying a seat ticket can be a bit tricky, especially since there are two types of seats: Reserved and Non-Reserved. Reserved seats guarantee you a specific seat, while Non-Reserved seats mean you might have to move if a reserved passenger boards at a later station.
Here’s a tip: Always choose a Reserved seat ticket to avoid any hassle. You can select your seat and pay with cash or an IC card. The machine will print a ticket with your seat and car number.
If all Reserved seats are booked, you can buy a Non-Reserved seat ticket. This allows you to board the train, but you’ll need to move if a reserved passenger claims the seat. The seat availability is indicated by colored lamps: green for Reserved, red for Non-Reserved, and yellow when a reserved passenger is approaching.
3. Platform Ticket (入場券 - Nyuujou Ken)
The Platform Ticket allows you to enter and exit the same station. It’s perfect if you just need to meet someone briefly or hand something over. It costs 140 yen, and you can exit from any station gate. Note that IC cards can’t be used for this purpose.
Navigating Japan’s train ticket system may seem daunting at first, but understanding the basics can make your journey smoother. Whether you opt for a simple base fare ticket, the convenience of a Suica card, or the speed of a Limited Express train, knowing your options will help you travel with confidence. Remember to choose Reserved seats for a stress-free ride and consider a Platform Ticket for quick station visits.
If you find the process overwhelming, don't hesitate to ask for help from your guide or station staff—they’re there to assist you. With these tips and support, you’ll be ready to explore Japan’s extensive and efficient rail network like a pro.
Safe travels!